TECHNICAL TERMS
 

Although I avoid form using technical terms, I thought it might be useful with some explanations. This list is incomplete, but don't hesitate to E-m@il.me, if you have a term that should be listed here.
                                       This is still a work in progress!

 

TERM

                         EXPLANATION
ABA Plant hormone, also known as abscisic acid. It inhibiting growth growth, causing dormancy in leaves and seeds.
Affinis  / aff. Latin: connected with or related to, but used as “looking like”. New or unknown species, looking like a known species. Sometimes, this aff.s turns out to be the same species, a subspecies or a species by it selves. You can even use aff. across families!
Androecious From Greek, man's house. These are the male plants of a dioecious species. They will only bear male flowers.
Allotype A specimen of the opposite sex to the holotype, found at the same location.
Androgynous Plants with flowers which have bots male- and female organs in the same flower. Also known as hermaphroditic.
Autogamy Plants which are able to self-fertilize or self-pollinate.
Auxin Plant hormones that works on several functions in the plant. It is produced in the leaves, and causes new root growth, elongation of branches, setting of flowers and fruits, shedding of leaves i.e.
Basionyms The first name a plant is given. It might later be removed to an other genus.
Corolla All the petals (colourful leaves in the flower) makes up the corolla.
Cleistogamous The single flower is  self-fertilised, even before they open - which they might no do at all.
Clonotype Cuttings from the original plant , from which the species have been described.
Cytokinin Plant hormones that works on several functions in the plant. It promote cell division and can cause multi branching or roots if added on a fresh cut.
Deciduous From Latin: Decidere: Faling off. These are the group of plants ware shedding  their leaves during the dormant periode to save water, frost or snow damages.
Dichogamy Dichogamous plants with flowers having both male- and female units, but unable to self fertilize.
Dicots Large group of flowering (angiosperm) plants, all having two seed-leaf (cotyledon).
Dicotyledons Large group of flowering (angiosperm) plants, all having two seed-leaf (cotyledon).
Dioecious

From Greek; Two households. The plants are either male or female. Each plant will only bear one sex. Gynoecious are female plants, androecious are male plants.
Ethylene A plant hormone in gas form. It causes ripeness and induces to flowering in i.e. bromeliads.
Gibberellin Plant hormones that works on several functions in the plant. Triggers new growth, seeds are starting to grow, when they produce gibberellin, it makes the plant stretch, for some it triggers flowering. Produced in the roots.
Gynoecious  From Greek; woman. These are the female plants of a dioecious species. They will only bear female flowers.
Hermaphrodite A plant that has only flowers which have both male- and female units.
Heterogametic sex Dioecious plants with sex chromosomes like birds. The female plants having different chromosomes (ZW), the male have identical (ZZ)
Holotype The original plant the species have been described from. This plant defines the species. Cuttings from it is clonotypes.
Homogametic sex Dioecious plants with sex chromosomes like humans. The female plants having identical chromosomes (WW), the male having different chromosomes (WZ).
Homonyms Multiple accepted names for the same plant.
Hypanthodios The inflorescence and fruit as well of Moraceae family. In this the receptacle is hollow ,cup like and the flowers ( and then fruits ) are located on its inner surface. The fruit has a small opening called ostiole.
Inflorescence The structure the flowers sits on along with the flowers themselves. Consists of main stalk: Peduncle, smaller ones: Pedicels and the flowers themselves.
Isotype Not the original plant from the species have been described, but just alike and from the same location
Lectotype Not the original plant from the species have been described. Used in new descriptions due to the lack of the original.
Monocots A group of plants recognised by their single cotyledon (seed-leaf), grass, Aloe, Dioscorea and bulbs are some of them.
Monocotyledons A group of plants recognised by their single cotyledon (seed-leaf), grass, Aloe, Dioscorea and bulbs are some of them.
Monoecious From Greek; Same household. These are plants which have separate male and female flowers, but on the same plant.
Pedicels The little stem that attaches a single flower to the main stem of the inflorescence.
Paratypes If the species have been described from more than one specimen, one is the holotype, the rest are paratypes.
Petals From Greek petalon = thin plate (=leaf), meaning leaf. One of the colourful "leaves", making the flower attractive. The bunch of them makes up the corolla.
Polygamy Plants with male, female and hermaphrodite flowers on the same plant. Also called monicous, trimonoecious or polygamonoecious.
Protandrous Flowers that first produces pollen, then receptive it.
Sepal From Latin: separatus = separate + petalum  = petal. The normally green leaves sitting just below the colourful petals on the flowers of the angiosperms.
Synoecious Plants with flowers which have bots male- and female in the same flower. Also known as hermaphroditic.
Synonym When the same plant have been named more than one time, even thought only one should be used: The first given..